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       Contents, Abstracts and Keywords
        EthnoNational Studies, No.3, 2005
       Contents, Abstracts and Keywords
       Relations among Nationalities and the Building of a Harmonious Society
       of SocialismHao Shiyuan(1)
       Abstract:One of the most important tasks inthe process of building a harmonious society is consolidation and development of the relations among nationalities. According to the basic requirement of building a harmonious society, with the theme of the nationality work that all nationalities are united and strive for the common development and prosperity, this paper discusses three aspects of the question: the consolidation and development of the socialistnationality relations, the upholding and improving of the regional national autonomy system, and the accelerative development of the ethnic minorities and areas, and the preserving of "two kind of resources." Besides, in the light of the internal and foreign practicesand theories of the national work, the paper analyses and discusses a few problems and views in Chinese nationalities studies and comparative studies on different countries.
       Keywords:harmonious society; national relationship; national problems.
       The Ethnic Population"s Movement and Migration in Building of a Welloff
       Society and the Solution Principlesfor the ProblemsWang Xi"en(14)
       Abstract:In the stage of building a welloff society, the movementand migratiionof ethnic population will emergein a big scale. The movementand migrationwill promote dramatically the building of the welloff society in ethnic societiesand ethnic areas. But on the other hand, some new contradictions will emerged in the process. They are the different forms of the ethnic problem at a newsituation. The basic principles solving the problems include: making the aim of building harmonious society, upholdingthe humanism, promoting the comprehensive and multielement solution, respecting the specialtieswith exploiting the advantages, analyzing scientificallyand deciding carefully.
       Keywords:the ethnic population"s movementand migration; building of a welloff societyin an allround way; building of a harmonious society.
       Improving the System Expressing Ethnic Interestsand Acting on the
       Important Thoughtof Three RepresentLei Zhenyang(24)
       The Education of the Progressivenessis the Motive Powerof
       Buildinga Harmonious Society in Ethnic AreasZhao Xinyu(27)
       The Concept of "Education of the Humanism" and the Training of Ethnic
       Qualified PersonnelLi Xiaolong(29)
       The Ecological and Ethnic Cultural Angle of Study on a New Style of
       Industrialization: An Example of Qujing, YunnanZhang Haixiang(31)
       Abstract:The traditional industrializationhas caused many problems and many people understand the concept of new industrialization. So this paper argues that the traditional industrialization must be reviewed from the angle of ecological and ethnic culture. The development of Qujing, a city located in the headstream of Zhujiang River, which abounds with the biological and ethnic cultural diversity and has a relative good industrial grounding, is an applicative example. The author argues that the new industrialization should adopt the concepts of sustainabledevelopment, preserving the biological diversityand respecting the diversity of ethnic. In order to lead the common prosperityof all the nationalities, the new industrializationneeds preserve and rebuild the ecosystem through high technology, IT application and economic increase, as well as change the dual structure and increasing gap of urban and rural economy as a result of traditional industrialization.
       
       Keywords:traditional industrialization; new industrialization; angle of ecology; angle of ethnic culture.
       Building Theoretical Framework and Special Angleof Development
       Ethnologyof ChinaMa Manli and Li Guodong (41)
        Abstract: This paper begins with a review of the context and three typical theories of "paradigm of development"of development anthropology that studies culture and development. Then, the paper explores the theoretical framework of Chinese development ethnology and proposes a framework requirement consisting of the theoretical approachof synthesis, positivist methodology and disciplinenature. The paper also sets forth a macro paradigm of development called "the same human goal by different routes"guided by the universal development concept of Marxism and scientific development concept of Chinese leadership and an applicative theoretical framework fromthe development of Chinese ethnic society. Moreover, the paper analyzes the special angle of Chinese development ethnology at the aspects of development concept, theoretical foundation and universal political vision.
       Keywords:development ethnology; paradigm of development; floating development system; country"s sprite territory.
       A Studyof the Miaos" Customary Lawof Three Villagesin Leishan, Guizhou
       Zhou Xiangqing (49)
       Abstract:Leishan Countyis a Miaos"settlement where the level of the Miaos assemble is the highest in China. For its specialgeographic condition and history, the Miaos" customary law culture was preserved well in this place. The information from fieldwork shows that the major form of the customary consists of Langgui (榔规), taboo, and villageregulations. The Langgui and taboo are traditional form, and the village regulations are recent form arising from the villagers’ autonomy which is being prometed by the State.
       Keywords:the Miaos; customary law; Langgui (榔规); taboo; village regulations.
       An Interpretationfor the Tus’Nadun (纳顿) in Sanchuan (Three
       Rivers)Wen Zhongxiang(59)
       Abstract:Nadun (纳顿) is a special ceremonyfor nice harvest among the Tu people of Sanchuan， Minhe, Qinghai. The wordmeans to play or to make a joke originally in the Tu language. And as a name of festival, it means temple fair or carnival. On the basis of the fieldwork, this paper figures that the ceremony has been practiced after the Tus"ancestors became the farmers from nomads. In this paper, the angles of interpretation for the ceremony include the following aspects: belief system, agricultural lifestyle, organization, effect of the militarylife, clan concept, offerings, dance, and Fala and Fashi (priest in Taoist or wizard).
       Keywords:Minhe; Sanchuan; the Tus; Nadun (纳顿).
       Regional and Ethnic Prejudice: An Cultural Interpretation of Zhangqi
       (瘴气, Miasma) and Zhangbing (瘴病, Miasma Disease) in Traditional
       ChinaZhang Wen (68)
       Abstract:The past studies of Zhangqi and Zhangbing come mostly from the angle of disease study, historical geography, and social history of medical and health. When Zhangqi and Zhangbing are not defined as a single disease but a titleof a group of diseases including some regional diseases, the studies from those angles are lack of reliability. Actually, Zhangqi and Zhangbing have more culturalimplication rather than diseases. They can be regarded as one aspect that centre dynasty molded the image of south especially southwest region and ethnic group. The words Zhangqiand Zhangbing disappeared graduallywith the spread of the modern medical knowledgeand the weakening of the sense of superiority of Chinese traditional culture.
       
       Keywords:Zhangqi (瘴气) and Zhangbing (瘴病); regional prejudice; ethnic prejudice; molding image.
       A Research of Tibetan Script P. 988 of DunhuangNie Hongyin(78)
       Abstract:Two Tibetan scripts of Dunhuang, P.987 and 988, were usually called Maxims Confucianistes. It is a Tibetan translation of a child education text in Han language in Hexi (literally, west to Huanghe river) region. But it is unknownyet which text it is. Stein has translated the scripts into French. According to this translation, this paper tries to find to which Han classic some of the stories and phrases in the scripts referred. Moreover, the paper points out that the text exemplifiesa style of the northwestern popular literature between the Tang and Song Dynasty.
       Keywords:Dunhuang; Tibetanscript; translation; Maxims Confucianistes.
       The Implementof the Policy of Conve Labor Service According to Land
       (计田出丁法) in Irrigation Serviceof Xixia and Relative Issues
       Ge Jinfang(85)
       Abstract:On the basis of Tiansheng Gaijiuxinding Lv Ling(New Law and Rules of Tiansheng Era) of Xixia and the comparewith the tax and conve system of Song, this paper tries to explore the implement of the Policy of ConveLabor Service According to Land, and relation and difference between the policy and the Policy of Convelabor service into Land Tax (摊丁入亩法) of Song.The paper argues that the policy, which was practiced at centre areas (Xinglin plain) of Xixia for irrigation, was borrowed from Northern Song. In this system, the survey of land, control of population, use of labor, requisitionof material, delegation of official such like Qutou (渠头, literally, the canal head), Quzhu (渠主, literally, the canal director), Qushui Xunjian (渠水巡检, literally, the supervisory of the canal water) and their different commissionswere defined. This is a system “transplanted"by government, not that growing "naturally." Though the policies like Conve Labor Service According to Landhave been practiced, the Conveof Xixia(including military service, labor service, official service) was heavy. So the policiesjust related formally with those of Song. The Conve Labor Service According to Landof Xixia couldn"tbe mentioned in the same breath with the Convelabor service into Land Taxof Song.
       Keywords:Convepolicy of Xixia; Conve Labor Service According to Land; compare of two systems.
       The Studies of the Village Communityand Ethnographic Method
       Liu Zhaohui(94)
       Abstract:As a reflection on the lessons in sociologicaland anthropological studies of Chinese villages, this paper reviews success and failureof the theoryas well as the challengeof the methodologyin the studies. The paper points out that the major achievement in past studies comesfrom the village ethnographies, and the "cognizantof question"and theoreticaldialogue basing on them. The author argues that the studies on the ethnographies need to follow three principles, that is, the "cognizantof question,"space and time system, and "humanisminvolving"of the ethnography. In the context of the globalization,the studies on rural community must advance toward higher level of "cultural consciousness"and cultural dialogue on the basis of "going beyond the rural community."
       Keywords:village community; ethnography; methodology.
       A New Achievementof Regional Ethnic Study: AReview of Traditional
       Ethnic Society and Culture of Xinjiang(Xinjiang Minzu Chuantong
       Shehui Yu Wenhua) by He XingliangLiang Jingzhi(103)
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