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       Contents, Abstracts and Keywords
       Constantly Improving the Ability to Dealwith Ethnic Problems and Ethnic Work Wang Xi’en(1)
       Unity, Development and Harmoniousness: A General Strategy of the CPC in Dealing with Contemporary Ethnic ProblemsChen Jianyue(4)
       Constantly Improving National Regional Autonomy to Solidify the Institutional Basis for Solving Ethnic Problems in ChinaZhou Jinghong(7)
       Globalization,Ethnicity and the New Development Paradigm: Reflections on the Discipline of Ethnic Economics Ye Tan(10)
       Abstract:This paper first analyzes the imperfectnessof the previous researches from the relations between economic globalization and ethnicity.Then the present situation of the Chinese ethnic economics is reviewed in the perspective of the new development paradigm, and the evolution, significance, features and application of the discipline are discussed. The emphasis on ethnic economy is of great importance for the development of the Chinese economics and ethnology as well as for development of the western region in China.
       Keywords:globalization; ethnicity; new development paradigm; ethnic economy.
       On Economic Study in Ethnic PerspectiveWang Wenchang(17)
       Abstract:This paper suggests that ethnicity be taken as the analysis framework for economy of the Chinese ethnic minorities or the ethnic economics. The natural environment and the cultural characteristics of a nationality consist of the inherentcontent of the concept of nationality, and show themselves in the natural and cultural differences in the economic life of a nationality. To grasp the twofold difference is the key to construct the theoretical framework of the discipline.
       Keywords:ethnicity; economy; twofold difference;analysis framework.
       Descendants of a Manchu Banner: A Study of Some Manchu Communities in North of BeijingDing Yizhuang and Hu Hongbao(23)
       Abstract:In and around the Manchu Township of Labagoumen, which is located in north of Beijing, most Manchu inhabitants are actually the Han people with the surname of Peng. They can be traced back to their Han ancestors who came here with the Manchu troops in the early Qing Dynasty and were incorporated into the Banner of the Imperial Household Office. This paper examines the real origin and lineageof these inhabitants on basis of fieldwork, historical documents and oral history, with the focus on the sociocultural background in which they have maintained their identity to the Manchu. The purpose is to have a deeper understanding of the complex identity of the Han membersin the Manchu "Eight Banners." It is found through the fieldwork that the local "construction"of the "Manchu culture"can hardly keep consistency with historical facts in quite a few aspects. Such a utilization of cultural resources urges researchers to have deeper reflections on the actual meaning of the ethnohistory.
       Keywords:Manchu; Imperial Household Office; genealogy; ethnic identity.
       Coexistence and Interaction of Hinayana Buddhism and Primitive Belief: A Study of Three Villages in Xishuang BannaGong Rui(32)
       
       Abstract:This paper, on basis of fieldwork in three villages in Xishuang Banna, Yunnan Province, describes the coexistence and interaction of Hinayana Buddhism and local primitive belief in rituals among the Dai people. Three different cases are provided, with each for a village. The author regards the ritual coexistence and interaction as new features of the secularization of religious life.
       Keywords:Xishuang Banna; Dai people; Hinayana Buddhism; primitive belief.
       FishRaising by the Hani Women in Ailao MountainsWang Qinghua(38)
       Abstract:The Hani people in the Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province have raised fish in terraced filed over a thousand yearsand their fishraising has played a significant role in the subsistence and developmentof the local people. Since time immemorial, Hani women have participated in fishraising. And since the 1980s, along with the social changes, they becamethe main manager of fishraising. To a large extent, this change makes the local women have a higher status in social life, but on the other hand they have a heavier burden in working.
       Keywords:Hani people; women; terraced field; fishraising.
       Pointed High Hat of AncientWestern Region: With the Example of the HatMaking and RelevantCustoms among the UygurHasanjan Abliz (44)
       Abstract:As a special cultural symbol,rзbk(the pointed high hat)occupied an important position in the dress of ethnic groups in the ancient Western Region. The pointed highhat of the Uygur people can be regarded as a historical inheritanceas well as a development. With the firsthand observationobtained in the fieldwork, the paper discusses the hatmaking and relevantcustoms among the Uygurs.Keywords:Uygur; rзbk (pointed high hat); traditional technique; Tumaqｃiliq Risālisi(hatmaking scripture).
       Suotou (索头):A Hairstyle neitherShaving nor PlaitingLi Zhimin(50)
       Abstract:Suotou was Tuoba Xianbei’s hairstyle in which all hair was kept in plaits. It was a hairstyleneither shaving nor plaiting, or in other words, neither shaving in forehead nor plaiting in back. The author argues that Miluo (弥罗) is Minag, offspring of Balig that was one of Dubo three tribes upriver Yenisei, which was the name of Tangut Tuoba. Tuoba Xianbei had same origin with Miluo, but was not its ancestor.
       Keywords:Suotou (索头); hairstyle; Tuoba Xianbei; TangutXianbei.
       TheImmigration of Tangut in the Early Northern Song Dynasty Yang Rui(57)
       Abstract:The author estimates that in the early Northern Song, more than 100,000 Tangut people crossed over to Song and moved to the border areas between the Song and Xixia, living in the region from Linfu in the east to Huanqing in the west. When the Tangut immigratscame in and began settling down, their subsistence was half agricultureand half pasturage. The immigration increased the population of the region,and more and more mountain areas were reclaimed for farming.This had a true influence tothe ecological environment of the region and the deluge of the downriver areas of the Huanghe River.
       
       Keywords:NorthernSong; Tangut; immigration.
       The Southwestern GovernorGeneral and the Social and Ethnic Conflict Control in Ming Dynasty Li Xiaolong(65)
       Abstract:The origin of governorgeneral of Ming Dynasty is the Southwestern GovernorGeneral. This paper lists more than 30 southwestern governorgenerals of the Ming, including their commissions, areas under their jurisdiction, terms of office, and the establishment and removing of the office. The author argues that these facts have an internal relation with the social and ethnic conflicts in the southwest. The paper points out that the southwestern governorgeneral was not a formal office and the social and ethnic conflict control depended on the local power. The author regards the facts as a reflection of an aspect of the policy on the border area in Ming Dynasty. From this strategy, the northern border area had a priority. The establishment of the southwestern governorgeneral had some importance for the stabilization and unifying of the region, but the punitive expedition against rebel force was a great damage to the area. This is a historicallesson.
       Keywords:Ming Dynasty; southwestern governorgeneral; ethnic conflict.
       Origin and Development of "Illustrated Records of Various Miaos"(Bai Miao Tu): With the Example of Illustrated Account of the Miaos in Guizhou (Qian Miao Tushuo) Hu Jin(74)
       Abstract:The Illustrated Records of Various Miaos is a sort of local literature recording the ethnic groups in ancient Guizhou. It has a complex history and lots of versions. Its origin is the Figures and Accountsof Eightytwo Kinds of Miaos (Bashi"er Zhong Miao Tu BingShuo)by Chen Hao of Qing Dynasty. The Illustrated Account of the Miaos in Guizhou (Qian Miao Tushuo) is a typical version of the illustrated records in Guizhou Museum. On the basis of the study of the version, this paper explores the origin and development of the illustrated records. The author argues that its origin is not a firsthand record from fieldwork, but a collection compiled on the basis of some local records and related literatures.
       Keywords:Illustrated Records of Various Miaos (Baimiao Tu); origin and development; Illustrated Account of the Miaos in Guizhou (Qian Miao Tushuo).
       The TibetanPolicy of the Period of Republicof China inthe Third Disputebetween Tibet and XikangLang Weiwei(81)
       Abstract:The mediation by central governmentin the periodof the Republic of China to the third dispute between Tibetand Xikang shows the subordination of these two regions to the central government. In the entire complex process, the ways and principles of solvingthe dispute reflected the Tibetanpolicy of the central government. The paper can help us learn more about the history of Tibetgoverned by the central governmentin modern China.
       Keywords:Government in the periodof the Republic of China; the dispute between Tibetand Xikang; Tibetanpolicy.
       Japanese Government"s Contact with the 13^thDalai Lama during 1903-1908 Qin Yongzhang(90)
       
       Abstract:On the basis of Japanese records, the paper explores the process in which theJapanese government tried to build a contact with the 13^thDalai Lama in exile in interior of China in 1903-1908. From socalled Continent Policy, Japanese government went close with Dalai Lama and roped in him by varied means, inculcating him with the thought of proJapan and allying with Japan, making the plot ofthe independent of Tibet, trying to build "diplomatic relation" with Tibet and makingTibet dependent on Japan. The history discloses Japan"s ambition for Tibet in the beginning of the twentiethcentury.
       Keywords:Japan; Tibet; 13^thDalai Lama; Teramoto Enga(寺本婉雅).
       AReview of the Historyof Pacification through Marriage in Ancient China(Zhongguo Gudai Heqin Shi) Qi Qingfu(100)
       AReview of the Study of Formation of EthnicPowers in Ancient Northern China(Zhongguo Beijiang Gudai Minzu Zhengquan Xingcheng Yanjiu) Zhang Guoqing(102)
       AReview of the (Minzu YuGuojia De Bianjie) Fang Sumei(105)